414 URI Too Long

The URL is longer than the server will process. Often a GET carrying data that belonged in a POST body.

Class
4xx Client Error. The request has a fault, or cannot be met as sent.
Registered
Yes, in the IANA HTTP status code registry.
Cacheable by default
Yes. A cache may store it without Cache-Control or Expires saying to.
References
RFC 9110 ยง15.5.15 · MDN

Every 4xx code

All HTTP status codes, in one table